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The race for the miniaturization of semiconductors relies on cutting-edge technologies, with EUV lithography being a central player. Prohibited from export to China due to geopolitical tensions, it is at the heart of innovation at ASML. Discover how this method is revolutionizing the production of electronic chips.
The 3 must-know facts
Photolithography is a technique that allows transferring an image onto a substrate, an essential process for semiconductor manufacturing. With the advent of EUV (Extreme UltraViolet) technology, this method has reached a new threshold. ASML, a world leader in this field, has played a major role in its democratization. EUV lithography allows unprecedented miniaturization of electronic components, integrating billions of transistors on small-sized chips.
In January 2024, under pressure from the United States, ASML had to cease the export of its EUV machines to China. These equipments are essential for the production of the most advanced semiconductors. The export ban highlights the strategic importance of these technologies in the global technological competition and shows how geopolitical tensions can influence the tech sector.
The Youtube channel Branch Education has published a nearly 40-minute video detailing the EUV lithography process. With clear analogies and precise explanations, the video makes the complex aspects of this technology accessible. Branch Education describes each step of the process, from wafer transport to the use of the illuminator and its specialized mirrors, quite distinct from domestic mirrors.
ASML, a Dutch company founded in 1984, has become the world leader in the manufacture of lithography machines, particularly thanks to its EUV technology. The company has invested heavily in research and development to perfect this method, essential for the miniaturization of semiconductors. ASML works closely with the largest chip manufacturers, such as Intel and TSMC, to integrate its technological advances into modern production processes. ASML continues to play a crucial role in technological innovation, despite current geopolitical challenges.